china

official name --- people's republic of china.
capital ----  beijing.
area --- 9.571 million.sq. km.

major cities (population) ---  shanghai --- 7.500 million.
                                             beijing -- 5.8 
million
                                             wuhan --- 
4.901 million.
                                              chong qing -- 
4.717 million.
                                              shanyang -- 
4.649 million.

population growth rate ---    0.90%.
population density ----      128 person /sq km.
urbanization --- urban -- 31%, rural -- 69%.

life expectancy -- total -69 years, female - 71 years, 
male -68 years.

infant mortality rate --- 48 death per 1000 live birth.

literacy rate -- total - 81.5%, female - 72.7%, male - 
89.9%.

ethnic divisions -- han chinese - 92%, zhuang -mongolian - -
8%, 

languages -- standard chinese or mandarin,(putonghua, based 
on the beijing dialect)

religions -- officially atheist, but traditionally 
eclectic, daoisn (taoism), buddhism,

government--- type - communist state.

independence -- 221bc (unification under the chin &chin 
dynasty 221 bc,qing or ching dynasty

replaced by the republic on 12 february 1912; people's 
republic established 10 oct. 1949.

constitution ---- most recent promlgated 4th december 1982.

voting rights ---- universal at age 18.

membership of international organization --- apec, fao, 
imf, nam, un security council.

economy --- gross domestic product gdp us$ 815 billion.

gdp per capita-- us$ 670.

gdp by category -- agricultures - 21%, industry - 48%, 
services - 31%.

monetary unit -- 1 yuan consisting of 10 jiao.

exports --- textiles,  garments, footwear, toys.

imports --- steel, motor vehicles, textile machinery.

major trading partner for exports --- japan , united 
states, germany.

major trading partner for import ---- japan, taiwan , 
united states.

industries ---- iron & steel, coal , machine, building, 
garments.
agriculture --- among the world's largest producers of 
rice, potatoes, sorghum, peanuts, tea.

natural resources --- coal, iron ore, petroleum, mercury, 
tin, tungsten.


                                       japan

official name -- japan.

capital --- tokyo.

area --- 0.377 million sq.km.

major cities (population) ------
                                               tokyo -- 
7.830 million.
                                                yokohama -- 
3.301 million.
                                                osaka -- 
2.478 million.
                                                 nogoya -- 
2.085 million.
                                                sapporo -- 
1.768 million.

population growth rate --- 0.19%.
population density--- 333 person / sq.km.
urbanization --- urban - 78%, rural - 22%.

life expectancy --- total - 80 years, female - 83 years, 
male - 77 years.

infant mortality rate --- 4 death per 1000 live birth.

literacy rate --- total - 99%, female - 99%, male - 99%.

ethnic divisions -- japanese- 99.4%, others - 0.6%.

languages --- japanese.

religions -- observe both shinto and buddism- 84%, others - 
16%.

government ---- type - constitutional monarchy.

independence --- 660 bc (traditional founding by emperor 
jimmu).

constitution --- 3 may 1947.

voting rights-- universal at age 20.

membership of international organizations --- apec, 
australia group, g-5, g-24, imf, un.

economy --- us$ 4.60 trillion.
gdp per capita --- us$ 36,570.

gdp by category -- agriculture - 2%., industries - 38%, 
services - 60%.

monetary unit --- 1 yen consisting 100 sen.

exports -- manufactured goods(especially machinery, motor 
vehicle, consumer electronics.

import --- manufactured goods, foodstuffs.

major trading partner for export--- southeast asian 
countries, united state, western european country.

major trading partner for import --- southeast asian 
countries, united state, china.

industries --- steel and non ferrous metallurgy, heavy 
electrical equipments, construction and mining equipments.

agriculture --- crop yields among highest in world, 
principal crops, rice, sugar beet, vegetables.

natural resources --- negligible mineral resources, one of 
the world's largest fish catcher.